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The Healthy Hospitalist

Hospital medicine often is regarded as a young person’s field. Because the specialty is so new, most hospitalists are young, bright-eyed, energetic, and seemingly invincible. But how will they feel after they have logged thousands of miles down hospital corridors, eaten hundreds of late-night fast-food dinners, and spent countless hours worrying about their patients?

How this generation of hospitalists takes care of itself may determine if the practice can be a healthy, sustaining career throughout a lifetime.

Michael Ruhlen, MD, MHCM, FAAP, who spent 18 years as a hospitalist before his declining health forced him into an administrative position, hopes young hospitalists don’t end up with the health problems he has experienced. Dr. Ruhlen, vice president of medical affairs at Toledo Children’s Hospital in Ohio, offers a cautionary tale illustrating the need for physicians to take care of themselves so they can have a long and fulfilling career in their chosen specialty.

A self-proclaimed stress eater, Dr. Ruhlen gradually gained weight over the years, mainly because of late dinners grabbed at fast-food restaurants—the only ones open when he finished night duties. The caffeine he consumed to keep up with his demanding schedule increased his blood pressure so much that he ended up in the cardiac cath lab with chest pains. The extra weight and miles of hospital halls he walked put additional stress on his joints, aggravated his arthritis, and led to sleep apnea.

“When you are young it’s easy to burn off the extra calories from stress eating,” he says. “But as you age, you find it harder and harder to keep your weight stable, especially when your cholesterol starts going up. Your joints get sore when you walk the halls for 24 hours straight, and shift work can produce sleep apnea and other stress-related sleep problems. Sleep apnea leads to hypertension. I pushed myself for the benefit of my practice and my patients. As an older hospitalist looking back, I can say that I didn’t stop enough to smell the roses.”

SOUND SOLUTIONS

Hospitalists can stay in shape by following the advice many give their patients:

  1. Have a personal physician you see regularly and get all the appropriate screening exams. “It’s amazing how many physicians don’t have their own doctors and how long they go between physicals,” Dr. Gunderman says. This leads to the ill-advised practice of self-diagnosis and self-treatment.
  2. Follow a healthy diet. You know the drill: lots of fruits and vegetables, whole grains, and water. Avoid fat, sodium, and sugar. Insist that healthy food be available in the hospital 24 hours a day, Dr. Gunderman recommends. If healthy food isn’t available at night, bring your own.
  3. Exercise. “Walking the halls doesn’t have many cardiovascular benefits, although it makes you tired,” Dr. Ruhlen says. Doctors should urge hospitals to provide a workout area where the entire medical staff can exercise. Dr. Gunderman also recommends taking the stairs instead of the elevator to work off stress hormones.
  4. Wear good supporting shoes to limit the wear and tear on joints.
  5. Get enough rest. Take short breaks during the workday to refresh and recharge. Take naps during a long shift. Perhaps more importantly, nap after a long shift before you drive home. “Sooner or later we’re going to hear about a hospitalist who died driving home after being up all night,” Dr. Ruhlen says. Studies have shown that sleep deprivation for 16 to 18 hours makes people perform no better than someone who is legally drunk.
  6. Insist on well-scheduled shift work. The U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration and the U.S. Coast Guard have developed recommendations that minimize the disruption of circadian rhythms in people who work at different times of the day and night. Rotating shifts clockwise has been shown to allow workers to approach healthy norms, for example.
  7. Balance your life with enjoyable leisure activities, meaningful relationships with other people, hobbies, and recreation. “Don’t be too busy making a living that you fail to make a life,” Dr. Ruhlen warns.
  8. Have control over what you do. Speak up so that there are enough people scheduled to handle the work in your hospital. Find things in your work that satisfy you.
  9. Get help for any abuse issue. “No substance is worth abusing, including food,” Dr. Ruhlen says. “Physicians get so caught up in being invincible that they don’t take advantage of the help that’s out there,” he warns.
  10. Act in solidarity with other physicians to improve the practice of medicine, Dr. Gunderman urges. “With a physician shortage predicted to hit 30 percent by 2020, physicians need to act now to assure that there will be enough doctors to take care of the sick in the future.”
  11. Make sure that you’re rewarded by the work that you do. “If you’re not rewarded by the work that you do, get out of the field,” Dr. Ruhlen says. Look for things within your practice that are satisfying to you.
  12. Don’t work too many hours. The Institute of Medicine in Washington, D.C., recommends nurses not work longer than 12 hours during a 24-hour period or more than 60 hours per week. Physicians can follow the same guidelines.
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